Enhancing Apoptosome Assembly via Mito‐Biomimetic Lipid Nanocarrier for Cancer Therapy

Apoptosis is the natural programmed cell death process, which responsible for abnormal clearance. However, many cancer cells develop various mechanisms to escape apoptosis through interrupting apoptosome assembly, a key step initiate apoptosis. This promotes tumorigenesis and drug resistance, thus, poses great challenge in treatment. Herein, biomimetic lipid nanocarrier mimicking mitochondrial Cytochrome C (Cyt C) binding developed. Cardiolipin, major phospholipid of inner membrane, introduced as main component liposomal formulation. With help cardiolipin, Cyt sufficiently loaded liposome based on electrostatic hydrophobic interaction with cardiolipin. Lonidamine (LND) added phase modulate metabolic activity within sensitize C-induced The results suggest that LND reduces ATP level creates favorable environment induced exhibiting higher anti-tumor efficacy vitro vivo. conjugation tumor-homing peptide, LinTT1, nanovesicle, increases due enhanced tumor accumulation. Overall, this proves be an efficient delivery system potential pro-apoptosis therapy.